Hakluyt was concerned with the activities of Sir Humphrey Gilbert and Martin Frobisher, who were both searching for a passage to the East; was consulting Abraham Ortelius, compiler of the worlds first atlas, and Gerardus Mercator, the Flemish mapmaker, on cosmographical problems; and was gaining approval for future overseas exploration from such politically prominent men as Lord Burghley, Sir Francis Walsingham, and Sir Robert Cecil. That the Queen of England title to all the west Indies, or at the least to as much as is from Florida to the Circle arctic, is more lawful and right then the Spaniards or any other Christian Princes. About this time he married Duglesse Cavendish, a relative of Thomas Cavendish, the circumnavigator, and was appointed to the parish of Wetheringsett in Suffolk. While he did not have the opportunity to travel around the world, he was able to live in France for five years as the chaplain to Sir Edward Stafford. Richard Hakluyt | Encyclopedia.com This essay on English Colonization of America in Hakluyts View was written and submitted by your fellow IvyPanda. Criminals will be effectively used in farms and industries to offer free labor. Richard Hakluyt makes the case for English colonization, 1584 Richard Hakluyt used this document to persuade Queen Elizabeth I to devote more money and energy into encouraging English colonization. Richard Hakluyt Richard Hakluyt was born in England in the mid-sixteenth century (1552-1616). Some of the gentlemen of her court wished to pursue opportunities to colonize, and Hakluyt wrote Discourse on Western Planting to encourage her to lend her support to men such as Sir Walter Raleigh. Retrieved from https://ivypanda.com/essays/english-colonization-of-america-in-hakluyts-view/. The possibility of the enlarging of the dominions of the Queens Most Excellent Majesty, and consequently of her honour, revenues, and of her power by this enterprise. Between 1583 and 1588 he was chaplain and secretary to Sir Edward Stafford, English ambassador at the French court. Richard Hakluyt (/hklt, hklt, hklwt/;[1] 1553 23 November 1616) was an English writer. Richard Hakluyt used this document to persuade Queen Elizabeth I to devote more money and energy into encouraging English colonization. Until after the death of his wife in 1597, little is heard of any geographical work, but he then completed the greatly enlarged second edition of the Voyages, which appeared in three volumes between 1598 and 1600. But the queen's advisors pointed out . His objective was to recommend the enterprise of establishing English plantations in the unsettled [by Europeans] region of North America, and thus gain the Queen's support for Raleigh's expedition. How does inter-European rivalry figures into this text? That the passage in this voyage is easy and short, that it cutteth not near the trade of any other mighty Princes, nor near their Countries, that it is to be performed at all tymes of the year, and needeth but one kind of wind, that Ireland being full of good heavens on the south and west sides, is the nearest part of Europe to it, which by this trade shall be in more security, and the sooner drawn to more Civility. Therefore, the natives and Indians are mere tools, passive objects, or pawns constructed to be used and manipulated via protestant religions in order to serve the interests of the English people. (2021, April 8). This work was intended to encourage the young colony of Virginia; Scottish historian William Robertson wrote of Hakluyt, "England is more indebted for its American possessions than to any man of that age. His father died when Richard was five years old, leaving his family to the care of a cousin, another Richard Hakluyt, a lawyer who had many friends among prominent city merchants, geographers, and explorers of the day. That this enterprise will be for the manifold employment of numbers of idle men, and for breeding of many sufficient, and for utterance of the great quantity of the commodities of our Realm. This book describes in detail the life and times of Hakluyt, a trained minister who . Learn about the English scholar Richard Hakluyt and his reasons for colonization and exploration. That this voyage will be a great bridle to the Indies of the king of Spaine and a means that we may arrest at our pleasure for the space of time weeks or three months every year, one or two hundred sail of his subjects shipped at the fishing in Newfoundland. That the passage in this voyage is easy and short, that it cutteth not near the trade of any other mighty Princes, nor near their Countries, that it is to be performed at all tymes of the year, and needeth but one kind of wind, that Ireland being full of good heavens on the south and west sides, is the nearest part of Europe to it, which by this trade shall be in more security, and the sooner drawn to more Civility. A prominent English attorney and his younger cousin, both named Richard Hakluyt, urged the English government to begin settlements in lands claimed nearly a century earlier by John and Sebastian Cabot who explored North America for King Henry VII of England. The glory of God by planting of religion among those infidels. That the Spaniards have executed most outrageous and more than Turkish cruelties in all the west Indies, whereby they are everywhere there, become most odious unto them, who would join with us or any other most willingly to shake of their most intolerable yoke, and have begun to do it already in diverse places where they were Lords heretofore. English Perceptions of Treachery, 1583-1640: The Case of the - JSTOR [5][8], Richard Hakluyt, the second of four sons, was born in Eyton in Herefordshire in 1553. In the dedication of the second volume (1599) to his patron, Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury, Hakluyt strongly urged the minister as to the expediency of colonising Virginia. [14], Hakluyt died on 23 November 1616, probably in London, and was buried on 26 November in Westminster Abbey;[5][27] by an error in the abbey register his burial is recorded under the year 1626. Hakluyt studied at Christ College at Oxford University on a Queen Scholarship. This will also enable England to suppress her enemies, improve military force, take advantage of prevailing weaknesses in other economies, and optimally exploit resources. He carefully explores economic concerns . Furthermore, fur, already exploited by the French, was another good reason for England to colonize. How does Hakluyt depict indigenous peoples? Richard Hakluyt was probably born in London, England, in 1553. natural reason.15 The elder Richard Hakluyt was the first of a long series 15 Sir George Peckham, A true reporte, of . Create your account. While at one point he petitioned for and received a grant to travel to America he did not, in the end, leave England. As he writes in the Epistle Dedicatorie to The Principall Navigations, his cousin spoke to him of recent discoveries and of the new opportunities for trade and showed him certeine bookes of Cosmographie, with an universall Mappe. His imagination thus stirred, the schoolboy had thereupon resolved to prosecute that knowledge and kinde of literature at the university. He also remarked that it would greatly annoy the Spanish king that England was encroaching upon land that Spain wanted for itself. What special means may bring kinge Phillippe from his high Throne, and make him equal to the Princes his neighbours, wherewithal is showed his weakness in the west Indies. Records also show that a Thomas Hakeluytt was in the wardship of Henry VIII (reigned 15091547) and Edward VI (reigned 15471553). Hakluyt justifies the latter by claiming that colonization will limit the spread and expansion of the Spanish territory and subsequently jeopardize the interests of England. Hakluyt understood that in order for England to be successful and remain powerful, they would need to find new markets in which to trade goods. Furthermore, he points out that crime in England is on the rise, and colonization will aid in sending convicted criminals to work in farms in colonized regions in order to reduce tax payments that emanate from rehabilitating criminals in England. 3. That this action will be greatly for the increase, maintenance and safety of our Navy, and especially of great shipping which is the strength of our Realm, and for the supportation of all those occupations that depend upon the same. Hakluyts conception or misconception of indigenous people plays a key role in this text. IvyPanda. He presented his Discourse of Western Planting to Queen Elizabeth I in manuscript, but it was not actually printed until almost three hundred years later. She taught for history for fifteen years. But it is the Voyages that remains his memorial. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Hence, religion is a careful strategy aimed at providing compassion and hope for the poor natives and the low-class English population while punishing the wicked through doctrinal or religious teachings. EN. Create an account to start this course today. 10 Richard Hakluyt, ne third voyage . 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