linus pauling vitamin c, lysine protocol

Naeini AM, Elmadfa I, Djazayery A, et al. Nutr Metab Insights. Ann Intern Med. See also the section on Sepsis in the Symposium on Vitamin CPart of the LPIs 9th International Conference on Diet and Optimum Health. Vitamin C supplements are available in many forms, but there is little scientific evidence that any one form is better absorbed or more effective than another. Am J Clin Nutr. Early Hum Dev. 21. Dahl H, Degre M. The effect of ascorbic acid on production of human interferon and the antiviral activity in vitro. 1994;94(7):779-781. 1995;59(6):1519-1523. Regarding the incidence of colds, a difference was observed between two groups of participants. Harrison J, Rentz DM, McLaughlin T, et al. P R Health Sci J. Jariwalla RJ, Harakeh S. Mechanisms underlying the action of vitamin C in viral and immunodeficiency disease. Front Oncol. Linus Pauling's Recommendations for Vitamin C and Lysine (PubMed), 188. 2010;119(3):753-765. (PubMed), 47. Zabet MH, Mohammadi M, Ramezani M, Khalili H. Effect of high-dose Ascorbic acid on vasopressor's requirement in septic shock. Human skeletal muscle ascorbate is highly responsive to changes in vitamin C intake and plasma concentrations. Tower drink mixes replace handfuls of pills and are made with pharmaceutical-grade, bioidentical ingredients. Research Associate Prenatal vitamin C and E supplementation in smokers is associated with reduced placental abruption and preterm birth: a secondary analysis. Abam E, Okediran BS, Odukoya OO, Adamson I, Ademuyiwa O. 2004;27(4):925-930. Chuang CH, Sheu BS, Kao AW, et al. 2011;51(5):1068-1084. Regular supplementation with vitamin C (0.25 to 2 g/day) did not reduce the incidence of colds in the general population (23 trials); however, in participants undergoing heavy physical stress (e.g., marathon runners, skiers, or soldiers in subarctic conditions), vitamin C supplementation halved the incidence of colds (5 trials). Galasko DR, Peskind E, Clark CM, et al. Dr. Ward Dean, MD answered 5 years ago. 1999;69(6):1086-1107. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. At this time, avoidance of vitamin C deficiency or insufficiency, rather than supplementation in replete individuals, seems prudent for the promotion of healthy brain aging (101). 2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS International Sepsis Definitions Conference. Adults. There is some evidence, though controversial, that vitamin C interacts with anticoagulant medications like warfarin (Coumadin). Basically, it's high Vitamin C doses, accompanied by high L-Lysine, L-Proline. (PubMed), 56. 2013;173(5):386-388. 2011;58(3):372-379. Vitamin C-induced decomposition of lipid hydroperoxides to endogenous genotoxins. Increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) when the heart muscle's oxygen supply is restored might be an important contributor to myocardial damage occurring at reperfusion (133). He received these awards for chemistry in 1954 and for peace in 1962. . 1999;10(4):840-845. Thus, individuals suffering from certain diseases may require substantially larger amounts of vitamin C to achieve optimum body levels or derive therapeutic benefits, areas that were of great interest to Linus Pauling and need to be further explored. (PubMed), 111. Cardiovasc Diabetol. Christchurch, New Zealand, Reviewed in December 2018 by: Redox Rep. 2016;21(2):75-83. Dietary factors and the risk of incident kidney stones in men: new insights after 14 years of follow-up. Serum antioxidant nutrients, vitamin A, and mortality in U.S. Relationship between oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and ultrastructural damage in patients with coronary artery disease undergoing cardioplegic arrest/reperfusion. A pilot clinical study of continuous intravenous ascorbate in terminal cancer patients. San Francisco: W.H. Good quality long-term trials are needed to examine whether the anti-hypertensive effect of vitamin C is sustained over time and eventually results in a reduced risk of cardiovascular events. (PubMed), 88. Vitamin C treatment substantially reduced the incidence of periprocedural myocardial injury, as assessed by a reduction in the concentrations of two markers of myocardial injury, namely creatine kinase and troponin-I (131). (PubMed), 108. Fowler AA, 3rd, Syed AA, Knowlson S, et al. In the US, Alzheimers disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, affecting 5.5 million individuals 65 years and over (97). 2003;31(4):1250-1256. On the other hand, when plasma vitamin C concentration was measured, cross-sectional studies have consistently indicated an inverse relationship between plasma vitamin C concentration and blood pressure in both men and women (41-43). The Dark Side of Linus Pauling's Legacy | Quackwatch Juraschek SP, Miller ER, 3rd, Gelber AC. (PubMed), 127. Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) is a potent reducing agent, meaning that it readily donates electrons to recipient molecules (Figure 1). 2001;91(4):563-567. 2012;52(9):815-829. 1976;84B(5):280-284. In most trials, participants received 2 g of vitamin C prior to undergoing CABG or valve replacement surgery and 1 to 2 g/day for five days post-surgery. (PubMed), 136. 2008;19(11):1969-1974. 2014;6(9):3818-3846. Depletion and reaccumulation. Some notes on Linus Pauling. Oregon State University, Reviewed in December 2018 by: Although CSF vitamin C is maintained at concentrations several-fold higher than plasma vitamin C, the precise function of vitamin C in cognitive function and AD etiology is not yet fully understood (102). Using this approach, Dr. Pauling suggested in the early 1970s that the optimum daily intake may be about 2,000 milligrams of vitamin C and that everyone should get at least 200 to 250 mg/day. Vitamin C also limited endothelial dysfunction that was experimentally induced in healthy volunteers (39). (PubMed), 128. (PubMed), 81. (PubMed), 48 Kubota Y, Iso H, Date C, et al. Cancer Cell. Evans RM, Currie L, Campbell A. In response to increasing oral doses of vitamin C, plasma vitamin C concentration rises steeply at intakes between 30 and 100 mg/day. Hemila H, Suonsyrja T. Vitamin C for preventing atrial fibrillation in high risk patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 1997;15(6):795-801. A phase I study in nine patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer showed that millimolar concentrations of plasma vitamin C could be reached safely when administered in conjunction with the cancer chemotherapy drugs, gemcitabine and erlotinib (168). In the Vitamins and Lifestyle Study, 77,719men and women (ages 50-76 years) were questioned at baseline on their use of dietary supplements during the previous 10 years (124). 2008;66(5):237-249. The results of this study also indicated that supplemental vitamin C may be helpful in the prevention of gout (119). 1997;17(3):415-425. Collins R, Peto R, Armitage J. Twenty-five years. (PubMed), 54. However, a reduction in blood vitamin C concentrations with these drugs has not been reported in humans (200). Nutrients. (PubMed), 20. Pauling Therapy: Short Version Linus Pauling's Basic Vitamin Advice is Centered on Vitamin C, and adds: Vitamin E - 800 to 3200 iu Per Doctor Sinatra's Miracle of CoQ10 book, an epidemiological WHO study showed that heart attack is 70% more likely in people with low blood levels of vitamin E, than in people with high blood pressure or high choleserol. In the three trials that included a total of 40 participants with exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, vitamin C administration before exercise (a 0.5-g dose on two subsequent days in one trial, a single dose of 2 g in the second trial, and 1.5 g daily for two weeks in the third trial) significantly reduced the exercise-induced decline in FEV1. Science. Pauling LC. In: Harris JR, ed. PaulingTherapy.com - Reversing Heart Disease w/o Drugs Thus, in vitro vitamin C sensitivity assays may provide predictive value for the clinical response to intravenous vitamin C treatment. Curr Opin Rheumatol. Linus Pauling Institute Intravenous ascorbic acid infusion improves myocardial perfusion grade during elective percutaneous coronary intervention: relationship with oxidative stress markers. However, no difference in the infarct size between antioxidant vitamin treatment and placebo was seen (138). Vitamin C intake from diary recordings and risk of breast cancer in the UK Dietary Cohort Consortium. Int J Cancer. Arch Neurol. (PubMed), 192. (PubMed), 67. Atherosclerosis. A UL of 2 g (2,000 mg) daily was recommended in order to prevent generally healthy adults from experiencing diarrhea and gastrointestinal disturbances (35). Nutrients. The role of increased oxidative stress in the occurrence of vascular complications in subjects with diabetes has led to hypothesis that higher intakes of antioxidant nutrients could help lower the risk of CVD in diabetic subjects (144). Moreover, SVCT-2 was significantly expressed in 20 breast cancer tissue samples, but weakly expressed in normal tissues. Donin AS, Dent JE, Nightingale CM, et al. Michels AJ, Hagen TM, Frei B. In the Cohort of Swedish Men study, self-reported use of single-nutrient vitamin C supplements (taken seven or more times per week) at baseline was associated with a two-fold higher risk of incident kidney stones among 48,840 men (ages 45-79 years) followed for 11 years (199). Arthritis Res Ther. Available at: https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/facts-figures. cholesterol. Vitamin-C as anti-Helicobacter pylori agent: More prophylactic than curative- Critical review. 2015;35:545-564. Cell Mol Life Sci. Linus Pauling Institute Stephen R, Utecht T. Scurvy identified in the emergency department: a case report. While the Sesso study showed no mortality benefit, many previous studies such as the Enstrom Study showed a striking 40% reduction in all-cause mortality over 6 years from the same 500 mg daily vitamin C . Tessier F, Moreaux V, Birlouez-Aragon I, Junes P, Mondon H. Decrease in vitamin C concentration in human lenses during cataract progression. Once plasma vitamin C concentrations reach saturation, additional vitamin C is largely excreted in the urine. 2013;1(5):e239-240. Depletion-repletion pharmacokinetic experiments demonstrated that plasma vitamin C concentration is tightly controlled by three primary mechanisms: intestinal absorption, tissue transport, and renal reabsorption (22). (PubMed), 134. PDR for Nutritional Supplements. 2016;9:25-30. These observations need to be confirmed in larger, well-designed trials. 2005;135(7):1673-1677. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2010;103(9):1251-1259. Related to this oxidation -reduction ( redox) potential, two major functions of vitamin C are as an antioxidant and as an enzyme cofactor (1). Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B. People with impaired kidney function may be at risk for aluminum toxicity when supplemental vitamin C is taken at the same time as these compounds (200, 201). Block G, Jensen CD, Norkus EP, Hudes M, Crawford PB. Ascorbate increases human oxaluria and kidney stone risk. Buijsse B, Jacobs DR, Jr., Steffen LM, Kromhout D, Gross MD. They should instead seek or continue treatment with anti-hypertensive medication and make dietary and lifestyle changes in consultation with their health care provider. 2014;5:e1083. After five years of follow-up, vitamin C supplement use was associated with a small decreased risk of total mortality, although no association was found with cardiovascular disease- or cancer-specific mortality. Arch Med Sci. Amelioration of persistent left ventricular function impairment through increased plasma ascorbate levels following myocardial infarction. Periprocedural myocardial injury that occurs in up to one-third of patients undergoing otherwise uncomplicated angioplasty increases the risk of morbidity and mortality at follow-up. Potential mechanisms of action for vitamin C in cancer: reviewing the evidence. A nested case-control study in the EPIC study found a 45% lower risk of gastric cancer incidence in individuals in the highest (51 mol/L) versus lowest (<29 mol/L) quartile of plasma vitamin C concentration; no association was observed between dietary vitamin C intake and gastric cancer (73). 2007;83(11):707-711. While acute scurvy can be prevented by a mere 10 mg vitamin C per day, there is no current research showing how much vitamin C might be required to prevent the atherosclerotic plaques of chronic scurvy. Total calcium intake should not exceed the UL, which is 2,500 mg . It is not known whether supplemental vitamin C could improve markers of glycemic control in subjects at risk of diabetes. 2011;30(6):477-483. Intake of antioxidant nutrients and risk of non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma in the Women's Health Initiative. Of note, because intravenous administration of 80 g of vitamin C precipitated hemolytic anemia in two subjects with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, patients due to receive high-dose vitamin C infusion are systematically screened for this genetic disorder (166). An analysis that combined data from three, large, independent prospective cohorts, (1) Nurses Health Study 1 (NHS1; 88,540 women, median age 49 years); (2) Nurses Health Study 2 (NHS2; 97,315 women, median age 36 years); and (3) Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS; 37,375 men, median age 52 years), found no association between the level of vitamin C intake and risk of developing hypertension (40). (PubMed), 148. Barbara Delage, Ph.D. Divergent effects of alpha-tocopherol and vitamin C on the generation of dysfunctional HDL associated with diabetes and the Hp 2-2 genotype. Lee DH, Lim JS, Song K, Boo Y, Jacobs DR, Jr. Graded associations of blood lead and urinary cadmium concentrations with oxidative-stress-related markers in the U.S. population: results from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Disparate results are likely due to study design issues, often linked to a lack of understanding of vitamin C pharmacokinetics and requirements (19, 20). 2014;50(7):1223-1231. The effects of increasing weekly doses of ascorbate on certain cellular and humoral immune functions in normal volunteers. Clinically insignificant effect of supplemental vitamin C on serum urate in patients with gout: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Oregon State University, Updated in November 2002 by: [Your name] is not affiliated or endorsed by the Linus Pauling Institute or Oregon State University. Short-term supplementation with vitamin C was found to reduce endothelial dysfunction in subjects with heart failure, atherosclerosis, or diabetes mellitus, but it had no effect in those with hypertension. Effect of Helicobacter pylori and its eradication on gastric juice ascorbic acid. (PubMed), 74. (PubMed), 123. One trial found that vitamin C supplementation (1 g/day) for 14 weeks reduced the risk of asthma attacks precipitated by respiratory infection. Dawson EB, Evans DR, Harris WA, Teter MC, McGanity WJ. You may hyperlink to this website but must include the following statement: "This link leads to a website provided by the Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University. A systematic review and meta-analysis. (PubMed), 191. (PubMed), 154. Levy R, Shriker O, Porath A, Riesenberg K, Schlaeffer F. Vitamin C for the treatment of recurrent furunculosis in patients with impaired neutrophil functions. 177. Dietary beta-carotene, vitamin C and E intake and breast cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). 2011;63(10):3136-3141. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2014:416-426. Oncogene. 2013(10):Cd010391. Myint PK, Luben RN, Wareham NJ, Khaw KT. In the past 40 years, numerous placebo-controlled trials have examined the effect of vitamin C supplementation on the prevention and treatment of colds. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2. Among the five out of eight trials in asthmatic subjects that reported on FEV1 outcomes, none found a difference between vitamin C supplementation and placebo(180). Linus Pauling Dosage Recommendations 2015;45(11):1161-1174. Since the antioxidants were taken together in this trial, the individual contribution of vitamin C cannot be determined. Vitamin C. In: Ross AC, Caballero B, Cousins RJ, Tucker KL, Ziegler TR, eds. Victoria J. Drake, Ph.D. New York: Plenum Press; 1996:215-231. Stroke. However, antioxidant supplementation resulted in reduced risks of placental abruption and preterm birth in women who smoked during pregnancy but not in non-smokers (94). Bjelakovic G, Nikolova D, Gluud LL, Simonetti RG, Gluud C. Antioxidant supplements for prevention of mortality in healthy participants and patients with various diseases. Cholesterol and the Linus Pauling Therapy - healingwell.com In the Nurses' Health Study, premenopausal women with a family history of breast cancer who consumed an average of 205 mg/day of vitamin C from food had a 63% lower risk of breast cancer than those who consumed an average of 70 mg/day (65). (PubMed), 162. Freeman; 1970. (PubMed), 179. (PubMed), 83. (PubMed), 8 Prinz W, Bortz R, Bregin B, Hersch M. The effect of ascorbic acid supplementation on some parameters of the human immunological defence system. Cabanillas F. Vitamin C and cancer: what can we conclude--1,609 patients and 33 years later? Carriers of two copies of the Hp2 allele (Hp2-2) express a Hp protein that has a lower capacity to bind and remove pro-oxidant, free hemoglobin (Hb) from plasma, compared to Hp proteins coded by the Hp1-1 and Hp1-2 genotypes. Arlt S, Muller-Thomsen T, Beisiegel U, Kontush A. Eur Urol. (PubMed), 206. At the Linus Pauling Institute, we have based our vitamin C recommendations on the current body of scientific evidence, which is significantly greater than it was at Pauling's time but remains incomplete owing to the many diverse functions of vitamin C in the human body that have yet to be fully understood. Interestingly, there was no relationship between diet score and risk of hypertension in those with the lowest plasma vitamin C, and plasma vitamin C was positively associated with risk of hypertension in those with low diet scores (44). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. Cigarette smoking during pregnancy and risk of preeclampsia: a systematic review. Hu X, Yuan L, Wang H, et al. 2nd ed. Ischemic stroke occurs when an obstruction within a blood vessel blocks blood flow to the brain. In parallel to these dietary assessment studies, a strong inverse association between plasma vitamin C and mortality from all-causes, cardiovascular disease, and ischemic heart disease (and cancer in men only) was observed in the EPIC-Norfolk multicenter, prospective cohort study (128). Annu Rev Nutr. Jane Higdon, Ph.D. (PubMed), 91. (PubMed), 197. Some people find them less irritating to the gastrointestinal tract than ascorbic acid. (PubMed), 45. The effect of antioxidant vitamins E and C on cognitive performance of the elderly with mild cognitive impairment in Isfahan, Iran: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Plasma vitamin C predicts incident heart failure in men and women in European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Norfolk prospective study. Plasma vitamin C concentrations predict risk of incident stroke over 10 y in 20 649 participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer Norfolk prospective population study. I use it myself. There is a need for larger, longer-duration phase II clinical trials that test the efficacy of intravenous vitamin C in disease progression and overall survival (176). Cardiovasc Diabetol. A 2011 meta-analysis of 13 randomized controlled trials in healthy individuals with elevated serum uric acid revealed that vitamin C supplementation (a median dose of 500 mg/day for a median duration of 30 days) modestly reduced serum uric acid concentrations by 0.35 mg/dL compared to placebo(120). (PubMed), 125. Flavonoids are a class of water-soluble plant pigments that are often found in vitamin C-rich fruit and vegetables, especially citrus fruit and berries (see the article on Flavonoids). In developing his recommendations, he used cross-species comparisons, evolutionary arguments, the concept of biochemical individuality, and the amount of vitamin C likely consumed in a raw plant food diet. Stroke. Carr AC, Frei B. Environ Health Perspect. It is not intended as nutritional or medical advice for individual problems. 2013;13:52. Vitamin C in health and disease. Supplemental Forms | Linus Pauling Institute | Oregon State University (PubMed), 89. Int J Clin Pract. Physiological availability of dehydro-L-ascorbic acid and palmitoyl-L-ascorbic acid. J Am Soc Nephrol. Carr AC, Vissers MC. You can achieve a higher volume [concentration] in the blood by a larger intake, but you get much better improvement for the first 250 mg than for additional grams." (PubMed), 31. It is produced as a protection mechanism by our bodies to protect us from bleeding out from damaged arteries, caused by a vitamin C deficiency and intrinsically low-level scurvy. Lee SH, Oe T, Blair IA. Br Med J. Vitamin C, also known as L-ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble, There is some evidence to suggest that vitamin C may be a useful, There are insufficient data to suggest a link between vitamin C status and the risk of developing a given type of. Nutr Cancer. Administration of a 1-gram (g) vitamin C infusion one hour prior to the angioplasty reduced the concentrations of oxidative stress markers and improved microcirculatory perfusion compared to placebo (130). 98. (PubMed), 87. JAMA Intern Med. J Am Soc Nephrol. (PubMed), 69. Basili S, Tanzilli G, Mangieri E, et al. (PubMed), 173. 2008;300(18):2123-2133. Crit Care Med. New England Journal of Medicine 302:694, 1980. Association between plasma vitamin C concentrations and blood pressure in the European prospective investigation into cancer-Norfolk population-based study. 33. Controversy surrounding the efficacy of vitamin C in cancer treatment ensued, leading to the recognition that the route of vitamin C administration is critical (22, 159). 2011;34(1):108-114. Dietary intakes of antioxidant vitamins and mortality from cardiovascular disease: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC) study. While most generally healthy young adults can achieve these plasma concentrations with daily vitamin C intake of at least 200 mg/day, some individuals may have a lower vitamin C absorptive capacity than what is currently documented. A comprehensive review of the literature found no credible scientific evidence that supplemental vitamin C promotes oxidative damage under physiological conditions or in humans (206). Corvallis, Oregon 97331, phone: 541-737-5075 | fax: 541-737-5077 Zhang ZW, Patchett SE, Perrett D, Katelaris PH, Domizio P, Farthing MJ. The lively 92-year-old first gave a candid history of how he came to take up the vitamin C cause. 2015;4(11). More recent prospective cohort studies have reported no association between dietary and/or supplemental vitamin C intake and breast cancer (67-69). It is not intended as nutritional or medical advice for individual problems. Chen Q, Espey MG, Sun AY, et al. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 1996;173(6):1502-1505. The Physicians Health Study II was a randomized, placebo-controlled trial that examined the effect of vitamin E (400 IU/day), vitamin C (500 mg/day), and a multivitamin supplement on the risk of cancer in 14,641 middle-aged male physicians over 10.3 years (7.6 years of active treatment plus 2.8 years post-treatment follow-up) (82). Johnston CS, Luo B. Clin Neuropsychol. Linus Pauling believed that chronic scurvy can be prevented with an orthomolecular daily intake of between 3,000 to 10,000 mg or more vitamin C. This amount approximates what the animals synthesize, and matching animal production is the reason Pauling ingested 18,000 mg daily. 2018;9:1182. Vitamin C | Linus Pauling Institute | Oregon State University / Vitamin C Without collagen to repair the inevitable damage from mechanical and oxidative stress, your blood vessels grow weaker and weaker, and you eventually die from scurvy. A vitamin C deficiency equals a collagen deficiency. 2010;91(2):487-493. Although two intervention studies failed to show a reduction in stomach cancer incidence with vitamin C supplementation(35), some research suggests that vitamin C supplementation may be a useful addition to standard H. pylori eradication therapy in reducing the risk of gastric cancer (76). 2005;24(4):269-276. Gut. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 97. 2012;38(2):114-122. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 11th ed. 2018;20(2):145-166. (PubMed), 112. A number of observational studies have found increased dietary vitamin C intake to be associated with decreased risk of gastric (stomach) cancer, and laboratory experiments indicate that vitamin C inhibits the formation of carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds in the stomach (70-72). Myocardial reperfusion injury leads to complications, such as reperfusion arrhythmias (see Atrial fibrillation) and myocardial stunning. Goyal A, Terry MB, Siegel AB. 2015;20(2):210-223. Ames, Iowa: Wiley-Blackwell; 2012:248-260. Studies in the 1970s and 1980s conducted by Linus Pauling, Ewan Cameron, and colleagues suggested that large doses of vitamin C (10 g/day infused intravenously for 10 days followed by at least 10 g/day orally indefinitely) were helpful in increasing the survival time and improving the quality of life of terminal cancer patients (158). (PubMed), 86. Although the use of lead paint and leaded gasoline has been discontinued in the US, lead toxicity continues to be a significant health problem, especially in children living in urban areas. If you are not getting enough Vitamin C to produce collagen for tissue repair, when your arteries become injured they cannot heal properly. (PubMed), 187. A 2017 review of eight published randomized controlled trials found inconsistent results from seven trials reporting on the effect of vitamin C supplementation on serum cholesterol and triglycerides, established risk factors for cardiovascular disease(52). Relation between plasma ascorbic acid and mortality in men and women in EPIC-Norfolk prospective study: a prospective population study. Schleicher RL, Carroll MD, Ford ES, Lacher DA. Al-Khudairy L, Flowers N, Wheelhouse R, et al. Periprocedural myocardial injury: Coronary angioplasty (also called percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty) is a nonsurgical procedure for treating obstructive coronary heart disease (CHD), including unstable angina pectoris, acute myocardial infarction, and multivessel CHD. Nutrients. Production of both collagen and elastin requires vitamin C, lysine and proline. 2014;13(4):280-300. (PubMed), 13. Taylor EN, Stampfer MJ, Curhan GC. Sodium ascorbate and calcium ascorbate are the most common forms, although a number of other mineral ascorbates are available. Another large, multi-center, prospective studythe Womens Health Initiativethat followed 154,363 postmenopausal women for 11 years found that dietary and supplemental vitamin C intake at baseline was inversely associated with diffuse B-cell lymphoma, a subtype of NHL (81). 2013;65(6):1636-1642. Levine M, Wang Y, Padayatty SJ, Morrow J.

Yes Or No Fortune Oracle, Articles L