-Compounding, are some expressions that cannot be Stylistics analysis of the poem leisure In this chapter we will offer the stylistics analysis of a poem Leisure by William Henry Davies. Graphology in this sense is not a branch of linguistics. -Use of verbals idiosyncratic behaviors in a text. Whereas linguistic stylistics begins and concludes its analysis and synthesis from the literary text itself, rigorously examining how a special configuration of language has been used in the realization of a particular subject matter, quantifying all the linguistic means (including imagery) that coalesced to achieve a special aesthetic purpose; literary criticism does not suffer that restriction to the work of art under analysis. Syntactic functions such as nouns (as subjects, objects, appositives, tenses etc. Look at the various devices used to link sentences in grammar for instance logical word (firstly), contrast words (however), result words (therefore) and comparison words (likewise, similarly) among other. To a large extent, language was then taught also using literary texts which represented a rather attractive option for some L2 learners as contemporary literature was often chosen. Finally, Wellek and Warren (1977: 176) opine that linguistic study becomes literary only when it serves the study of literature; when it aims at investigating the aesthetic effect of language (Eyoh 2005). While Anagbogu et al (2010:33) define stylistics as the application of the knowledge of linguistics to literary appreciation, Leech (2008:1) defines it as the linguistic study of literary texts. Here, the syntactic functions of different parts of speech will be analysed. In summary, Stylistics is concerned with the writers deployment of the formal properties of a text and how readers interact with the language of (literary and non-literary) texts in order to explain how we understand, and are affected by texts when we read them. 6. It involves Stylistics, in short, is an attempt to put criticism on a scientific basis. Identify some features that can be focused on in a linguistic stylistic analysis. Graphology is a linguistic level of analysis that comprises the study of graphic aspects of language1. 2.1.6 Linguistic Levels of Stylistic Analysis Graphetic contains features that help to foreground a text eg (italics, underlining, bolding, irregular spelling, capitalization, font size) Phonetic features comprises of spoken languages e.g voice quality Phonological/Graphological level Language In graphologial level of you consider features like punctuations, spellings, spacing of words The origin of the concept of style can be traced back to the classical school of rhetoric, which regards style as a part of the techniques of persuasion and discusses it under oratory. More remarkably, none of these collections has been studied stylistically. 2.1 Statement of the Problem the invisible meanings in a text. Khan and Jabeen (2015) say that this level of stylistic analysis is concerned with the study of the sound system of a given language, that is; the formal rules of pronunciation. 2.1.12 Typography (structure and arrangement) Stylistic features of each. study of hand writing. Ndimele (2001:15) defines stylistics as a branch of linguistics which studies the application of linguistics to the study of literature. Stylistics is the study of style. Which reverse polarity protection is better and why? 5. Stylistics theory therefore was key in the discussions about how graphological features are used in the construction of the selected texts as well as the role those features play in enhancing thematic comprehension and aesthetic predisposition resulting into ideal analysis. The discipline has originated the popular dualist approach to style based on the dichotomy between form and content. This bond is harnessed given the qualities that they share. (1964) were crucial for the expansion of the concept in linguistics and stylistics, they still failed to clarify the elements to be analyzed within this category. In literary studies and stylistics, foregrounding is a the linguistic strategy of calling attention to certain language features in order to shift the reader's attention from what is said to how it is said. The nineteenth century, being characterized by revolutionary discoveries in the natural science and the rise of social science, such Sociology and Anthropology, provided a suitable atmosphere for the emergence of an objective and analytical method of inquiry. of individual words and idioms in The Oxford English Dictionary has recorded as many as twenty-eight different entries under the term style. Stylistics, Literary Criticism and Practical Criticism have certain things in common. Generally speaking, both linguistic stylistics and literary criticism are concerned with the quest for matter and manner in a literary work of art. Unity and Diversity in Language Structure, Department of Linguistics,Bharathiar University, Phonetics & phonology, INTRODUCTION, Dr, Salama Embarak, PHONOLOGY (Grammatical Aspects of Language), criticalreadingasreasoning-170802010220.pdf, UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS_015624.pptx, THE ENCHANTED EEL OF CAGUBATAN, TADIAN.pptx, LESSON 1-TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT IN BAKING.pptx, ISDM - Post Graduate Program in Development Management- Academic Structure, It is concerned with the phonetic capitalization and punctuation. PHONOLOGICAL FEATURES | Managed by Kyote Internet Group |. xcolor: How to get the complementary color. For example, the first person plural pronoun we as used in the paragraph is a foreground. In spite of this simplicity, style, technically could imply different things to different people. accurate representation of form and This paper is an attempt to shed light on linguistic deviation in literary style. For instance, according to Ogum (2002:22), critics see it as individuality, rhetoricians as the speaker; philologists as the latent; the linguists as formal structures in function and the psychologists as a form of behaviour. Since stylistic study depends on the use of linguistic levels and features, it is useful to look for the relationship between stylistics and other disciplines. FJH; According to (Eva, 2015), the scale is organized from the more rudimentary elements the letterforms that punctuate the blank space in a page to the more complex ones the creation of a book as a complete unit of punctuation. Meanings are judged through Stylistic analysis at the graphological level is concerned with the visual devices such as indentation, capitalization, texts layout (lineation), italicization, punctuation, spelling, graphological features in a text has some semantic and stylistic implications. 2.4.1 Graphological Deviation Graphological deviation is placed in the bottom strata on the levels of stylistics nowadays. It also assists in understanding the meaning of a text. This is why the present study specifically addresses how the author communicates meaning through the device of graphology. The focus of Stylistics is the text. KEYWORDS: Stylistics, Deviations, Graphological, Morphological, Syntactically, Grammatically. According to the definition provided above by Isidore (2010), the literary stylistics can take the form of external evidence and the linguistics study can take the form of internal evidence. The principal aim of the paper of the paper is to identify and analyse linguistic features used in the play. Cataphora: refers to an expression or subject which is The detailed analysis will lead to more accurate understandings of the language in order to let the readers better understand this variety. It can be used to derive stylistic effect in an advertisement. A purely linguistic approach will only serve as good academic experience without benefiting experience, whereas, a purely literary work will lose sight of relevant forms of language which conceal within their patterns of experience, Ogunsiji and Farinde (2010). Significantly, by the establishment of a modified model of categorization of Graphological devices, this research will improve the teaching and learning of graphology as a device of literary composition by way of assisting learners to develop linguistic abilities necessary for them to read, understand and respond to literary and non-literary works sensitively. 2.3.2 Theory of Multimodality It therefore becomes the duty of a stylistician to bring about the close examination of the linguistic particularities or peculiarities of a literary work, an understanding of the anatomy and functions of the language. This can be seen in two ways. 2.1.7 The Concept of Graphology stylistics, graphological knowledge is central to the understanding and better appreciation of a. literary text. However, this research focuses on written forms. The poetry of Joe Ushie however, is characterized by these features and these inform the desire of this study. (status/social dialect), Which period of English was the text written (Time), Does the text involve speaking or writing? 2.3.3 Phonological Features. <>/ExtGState<>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 595.32 842.04] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S>> Jane no longer writes fiction. Graphological features of scientific language - It makes frequent use of diagrams, figures, graphs, charts, maps, tables, etc. However, the specific purpose of the study includes: 1) To identify the patterns of graphology found in Ushies poetry? Through grammatical ESQUIJO FLORES The context level can also be referred to as the pragmatic level of stylistic analysis. time in the literary piece. analysis of text we can know the authors Kenyayote.com is an Education news site that is dedicated to covering the Education Industry.Copyright 2023 Kenyayote.com . The researcher posits that Achebe uses italics for emphasis, to reflect foreign concepts or cultural beliefs as well as to create humour. Li concludes that . Stylistics is regarded as a field of Lexis simply refers to words in language. The application of pragmatic and stylistic theories to text analysis indicates a clear departure from how texts were analyzed when modern linguistics began to develop. It is full of words having fixed meaning and certain types of structures are invariably associated with certain effects (Leech, 1969). This was before Lennards proposal emerged. However, Lennards (2005) proposal differs from that Levenstons (1992) in its aim and scope. For this, I recognize very heartedly, my friends: Ekemini Ituen of Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Works, and Miracle Sorgwe two friends more precious than gold; Lizzy Uko of Federal Polytechnic, Ukana; Nyakno Solomon of Department of Linguistics, University of Port Harcourt; Joy Akpan, Williams Ekerette and Inimfon Udoinyang, my former classmates at the Department of English, University of Uyo; Odunayo Babalola and Adeniyi and Tayo Titilayo, (my landlords sons); co-budding scholars: Kehinde Odusina and Lasisi Abu, of Department of English, Tai Solarin University of Education, Nigeria, Abosede and Mayowa Ashimolowo Michael, Mr. Gbenga (my predecessors), Victor Abel Snr. The use of punctuation marks can equally create stylistic effects. However, such a deliberate use of sounds will also have meaning since one does not use language in a vacuum. It majorly focuses on achieved graphological through the use of quotation marks. Alabi (2008:172) categorically offers an insight into the use of punctuation marks. Equally, the mastery of the various levels of linguistics phonetics/phonology, syntax, semantics and morphology would be unnecessary if the person cannot make a resourceful or creative use of the levels of linguistics mastered. Sutardjis Tragedi Winka dan Sihka and J.E. 3 0 obj 1. Secondly, the study provides the students with an overwhelming sensitivity with language use thus, revealing the writers conscious attempt at deviating from the linguistic norm; and also enhancing their in-depth and critical understanding as well as appreciation of texts. Stylistics are used to determines the form of language as being used and the effects of that particular variety used, Stylistics also helps us to understand that language has several varieties which are distinctive to each other. The pragmatic meaning of a text can be recovered through the context that produces the text. 1. These are discussed under the following captions Graphological Features Lexical repetition, words are repeated in which synonyms or near-synonyms may be used. Moreover, the role of quantification depends on how necessary it is to prove ones point intuition has a respectable place both in linguistics and criticism. These features are used frequently in poetry and provide auxiliary meaning, thought and feelings to the genre of poetry. It refers to the conscious attempt of flouting the linguistic norms for the purpose of foregrounding, revealing or defining the authors style or peculiarities. Alliteration linguistic stylistic analysis of Henrik Ibsen's play, A Doll's House. study of sound system of a 4.3.6 A Reign of Locusts ( For others the former would only be appropriate for advanced learners. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Therefore, we have basically , two types of stylistics: literary and linguistic stylistics. 2.4 Appraisal of Literature, Chapter Three: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY She also gives equal importance to the writing system itself and to the discipline that focuses on its analysis, since these are the key aspects that define the concept of graphology. Morphology to Jolayemi (2008) is the study of word-formation, in other words, the study of how morphemes (smallest units of a word) whether free or bound form words. 2.1.6.4 Phonological Level It describes patterns of writing that distinguish the writer's style, for example capitalization, punctuation, spacing and so on. text. In other words, it synergizes or sits athwart the boundary between linguistics and literature; ensuring their interdependence. Hyphens Puttenham a Renaissance scholar, compares style to flowers, jewels, embroidery. Other graphological features include: the unusual but symbolic spacing, the italicizing of certain words and passages to denote a different context, the frequency of some punctuation marks and their prosodic and semiotic effects are the other possible graphological features of poetry. It is an exercise in describing what use is made of language. So, stylistics is a bridge science, creating a bond between linguistics and literature (Akwanya 2006:163). prominent syllable) It is done on the purpose of commenting on the quality of a text. He notes that quotation marks are used to demarcate direct utterances; commas separate sentential elements for a short pause, semi-colon are also used to pause but longer than that of comma, question marks ends a question for emphasis sake and so on. LEXIS & SEMANTICS Lexis concerns word choice; semantics concerns meaning. Ehrlich, (1990) informs us that the tradition at the inception of the evolution of modern linguistics was for analysts to confine the analysis of a text to the sentence domain of which was, then, regarded as the largest unit with an inherent structure. 2.1.9 Present study categorization of graphological devices Example of phonological devices include: alliteration, assonance, consonance and phonaesthesia. of each language Furthermore, he believes that the nonlinguistic context is a much more complex notion since it may include any number of text external features influencing the language and style of a text. Graphological Level, Lexical Level, Grammatical Level, Semantic Level / Discourse Level, Pragmatic Level. 2. It also provides the analysis of context, social and As far as a literary text is concerned, two evidences, internal and external evidence, can help us to come to an appropriate interpretation of a text. 2.4 Review of Related Literature. Some of the features that can be focused on in a linguistic stylistic analysis are lexical repetition, lexico-semantic level, syntactic level, phonological level (sounds), graphological level, and literary stylistics. All these definitions or descriptions reflect an artificial and ornamental view of style. For instance, a word may be meaningful to some culture while it may not to another. According to Carter and Stockwell (2008), pedagogical stylistics developed in the 1970s and became very practical as one way of evading the attacks leveled at stylistics. However, there are many figurative descriptions of this view of style during the history of Renaissance and Neo-Classical periods. Pedagogical stylistics has at least two facets. Medium-medium of communication affects the way language is used. phonological devices are alliteration, The deployment of language by a writer creates a distinct style through which he/she reaches out to the audience. Do not sell or share my personal information. It has to do with the entire words and phrases of a particular language. This dissertation is an investigation into the poetry of Joe Ushie from the perspective of linguistics. (Harris, 1995) Graphologists note such elements as the size of individual letters and the degree and regularity of slanting, ornamentation, angularity, and curvature. It This level of analysis involves both syntax and morphology. A style is a certain manner, approach or way in which something is said, . 3. Email: special offers and other discount information. Here, such features as the use of punctuation marks to create stylistic effects are significant. 2.1.6.2 Syntactic/Grammatical Level Introduction to Stylistics The Nature and Goals of Stylistics 11 Course Module 1. It is used in order to catch the attention of the audience instantly. 2.1.15 The Place of Deviation in Stylistics Van Peer (1993), for instance, considered typographic foregrounding and its evolution as a The graphological level: In this respect, stylistics is interested in how the writer uses the graphic resource of his language to give expression to his ideas and achieve his effects. I am also indebted to my amiable parents, Elder/Deaconess Nseobong Nkopuruk; they deserve a special mention, for their all-round support which metamorphosed into a Masters Degree in English, today.always counting on them too, for higher heights. how the writer uses the graphic resource Within stylistics, the original motivation for the work was to examine how stylistic features in fiction can apparently be used to highlight key plot and thematic moments (Emmott, "Reading for Pleasure" and "Responding to Style"), guiding the interpretation of readers at these points. For a systematic analysis, these linguistic features are clustered into phonological, graphological, lexical, grammatical and semantic levels of analysis. level, syntactic level, graphological level and semantic level. Nature of syllables (open or closed) language features to reveal the deeper meaning of the poem. word/s 3.2 Population of the Study Sutardjis Tragedi Winka dan Sihka and J.E. Foregrounding is a deliberate act of making a feature prominent or important. 5.3 Recommendations Contact us for publishing. The principal aim of the paper of the paper is to identify and analyse linguistic features used in the play. 2.1.3 Pedagogical Stylistics 4.4 Discussion of Findings, Chapter Five: SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION It can refer to the study of proper use of words or language in proper places. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. have: Paragraph, orthographic Some language teachers were of the opinion that works that prominently made a foregrounded use of linguistic tools were especially suited to show language in action. reader.RANK FREQUENCY WORD 4.3.5 Hill Songs (2000) The collocation range of this word enfolds almost every sphere of human activity.
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