When I first started harvesting the sassafras leaves, my dad would I would come out to Kisatchie by horseback, Colson said in an interview with 64 Parishes, noting that he was five or seven years old during his first harvest. But if you want your gumbo to reflect what cooks whipped up prior to contact with colonizers, then add a handful of wild greens to the simmering broth. Fruit is a drupe that is dark blue, almost black, when ripe, borne in small clusters on bright purple-red pedicels. My search online has not produced any results. In the spring,. Blue-black drupes were on the red stems. I call the sassafras a "discovery plant." The season of burning did not affect susceptibility. The better digging is in the old dumps; lots of swell bottles and old graniteware. In early spring or winter, dig a hole about 12 (30 cm) in diameter and 20 (50 cm) deep near the base of the tree. Spice Description Sassafras is light green in color and is available as fresh or dried leaves of varying sizes (1, 2, or 3 lobes) that are used whole or ground. This colorful New Orleans bookstore features rare and used titles, with a specialty in Cajun fare. Email This BlogThis! Homemade fil is bright green, pungent, and so fine that it stains your fingertips, while store bought fil has the color, consistency, and arguably the flavor of sawdust, likely because big brands arent as diligent about removing the stems before pounding the leaves. It is not even necessary to prune the trees. Sassafras Leaves. Too many Sassafras seedlings -- HELP -- I'm losing the battle. Sassafras trees grow from 9-35 metres (30-115 feet) tall with many slender sympodial branches and smooth, orange-brown bark or yellow bark. Fragrant, yellow-green flowers occur March to April. Fuqua, his friend and the Chief of Resource Management at Cane River Creole National Park, has been accompanying him on harvest trips and learning the traditional way of processing sassafras for more than 10 years. It tolerates a wide range of conditions, however it does best in full sun and slightly acidic soil. It sounds like you've already done a ton of work. The trees are commonly found on the east coast of the United States. Leaves of this tree have turned up in the fossil record from eons ago. Colson and Fuqua pick leaves by hand, leaving the tree and the branches intact. Some folklore associates the blackberry with bad omens. While Colson uses a pile and pilon, fil makers in the United Houma Nation advise that a Ninja blender creates the same quality product. I'm guessing it was one of those pay now, take posession later deals that gives an elderly person who is "house poor" money to live on. Then in winter, the sassafras trees gorgeous silhouette and reddish-gray bark provide plenty of visual interest. I just think you overshoot when you mix big ag,, landscape maintenance as practiced by conscientious pros, native restorations, and all the rest into one big pot of evil. They're still blooming at her house, and here I am, 2 & 1/2 years later, blessed with roses everywhere you look See how wood, concrete and stone convey ideas about history, personal taste and much more, Improve your soil and yard the organic way with a valuable garden booster that grows on trees, You can't eliminate dust during construction, but there are ways to contain and remove as much of it as possible, There are many misconceptions about what landscape architects do. Sign up for our email, delivered twice a week. I have to say that was the most fun I'd had in a long time. However, the caterpillars are never present in enough numbers to make the tree unsightly. In summer, the 7-inch long, 4-inch wide leaves are bright. Sassafras in Food and Medicine. Like us on Facebook to get the latest on the world's hidden wonders. The orange wood has been used for cooperage, buckets, posts, and furniture. Close up images of Sassafras albidum female flowers (left) and male flowers (right). In fall, when the foliage turns spectacular orange, scarlet, yellow, and purple colors, the leaves give off a strong fragrance. Be sure to wear gloves read more, Thought I saw a grasshopper on one of my milkweeds, read more, I have several pair of Dark-Eyed Juncos this winter. Meanwhile, measure 1 1/2-cups of sugar and place in a gallon pitcher. Often, the leaf was used to flavor and thicken soups and sauces. I have to get out to see your new place! Consult a guide such as iNaturalist before harvesting, and be sure to pick the leaves in spring when theyre tender and least toxic. She was in her 90's but she had her daughter bring her down and we had a wonderful visit. You can also identify sassafras trees by crushing the leaves or cutting the bark to see if it exudes a strong lemony aroma. If root suckers are not pruned during the growth period of the plant, however, it spreads into the shape of a large, multistemmed shrub. The larvae bore holes in the bark of the terminal (i.e. Sassafras leaves are alternately arranged and often grow in three shapes: three-lobed, mitten-shaped and elliptical or egg-shaped. | Untold Earth, Show & Tell: Inside a House of Hot Sauce With Vic Clinco, The Secret to China's Bounciest Meatballs, Hawaiis Native-Language Newspaper Archive, 'Discovering' Mexico's Monarch Butterfly Migration, The Real Story Behind George Washington's Dentures, See the Mysterious Horned Helmet of Henry VIII. Please don't teach children untruths. Add the water, bring to a boil, then reduce heat and simmer for 20 minutes, stirring occasionally. Share to Twitter Share to Facebook Share to Pinterest. Sassafras is tolerant of a wide range of climate conditions, from subzero temperatures to humidity and heat. It is now extinct in southeastern Wisconsin but is extending its range into northern Illinois. Description Sassafras is a short to medium-sized tree, often forming colonies from root sprouts, with a columnar canopy, a flattened crown, and contorted branches that turn upward at their ends. Sassafras trees are relatively fast-growing trees, and the common Sassafras albidum matures at 30 to 60 ft. (9 18 m) tall and 25 to 40 ft. (7.6 12 m) wide. File' is ground sassafras (Sassafras albidum) leaves. Fil is best when sourced from a traditional maker like Colson. Sassafras trees can grow well in containers on a patio, deck area, paved yard, balcony, or container garden. The three different shapes of the leaves make the tree unique and has beautiful form and fall color. You could try to make fil the Choctaw-informed way, but strap in for a labor-intensive process. Pictures and descriptions of sassafras leaves, bark, flowers, and fruit will help you recognize these attractive ornamental medium-sized trees. Jacobson, TREES OF SEATTLE - SECOND EDITION. One of the culprits is the yellow poplar weevil, which feeds on sassafras leaves after overwintering in leaf litter on the forest floor and emerging with spring. Nix, Steve. Once new growth appears, you can transplant the tree to your garden when the risk of frost has passed. Grows in poor soils. Sassafras is a small tree that seldom grows over 40 feet tall. Theres a lot of vegetable matter. The bark, twigs, and leaves of sassafras are important foods for wildlife. Sassafras has many unusual and unique features, its leaf variation being one example. We're probably a couple of weeks ahead of you into fall here. Once picked, Colson spreads the leaves across the floor of his home, then turns them over a few times for two to three weeks or until the leaves dry out. Sassafras was the main ingredient of root beer and gave it its characteristic flavor. When suckers are contained by regular pruning, the sassafras also can grow into a beautiful, 30- to 50-foot-tall lawn specimen. The same way essential oils are extracted for aroma therapy. Trapper's Tales~Words From The Past~Legends~Archives~Kids Forum~Lure Formulator Forum . Traditional sassafras tea is made by placing 1 cup of dried sassafras leaves or roots into a large container. Page 1 of 2 : 1: 2: Sassafras? Male flowers look fuller and only female trees develop fruit if pollinated. The flavorful twigs were often used as toothbrushes and I can remember breaking them off and chewing them when out on a trail ride with our horses. Other sassafras leaf browsers include groundhogs, marsh rabbits, and American black bears. Sassafras trees are ornamental trees that enhance the aesthetics and features of a garden. Consider supporting our work by becoming a member for as little as $5 a month. (These Indians were farmers, not hunter/gatherers.) Sassafras Leaves. Nominate them today to have the opportunity to apply to the Academy! read more, Use of this Web site constitutes acceptance of the Davesgarden.com, Putting Spring in Your Step with Tonic Herbs, The Best Trees and Shrubs to Plant for Fall Color, Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information. Houzz utilise des cookies et d'autres technologies de suivi similaires pour personnaliser mon exprience utilisateur, me proposer du contenu pertinent et amliorer ses produits et services. Newer Post Older Post Home. You should apply a balanced, all-purpose fertilizer in February and then in mid-summer. Species of sassafras trees are relatively easy to identify in landscapes. Also, immature sassafras trees require regular watering to help a robust root system develop. Taking too many leaves or cutting the branch, as some people do, can kill the tree. Why Does My Crabapple Tree Look Like a Bush? Deer browse the twigs in the winter and the leaves and succulent growth during spring and summer. Sassafras trees have polymorphic leaves, meaning that a single tree can have leaves in different shapes. Its rare to find leaves with more than three lobes growing on Sassafras albidum trees. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/sassafras-tree-overview-1343225. Offer available only in the U.S. (including Puerto Rico). Offer subject to change without notice. I love to learn about every living thing, and love to share what I've learned. Traditional makers still forage for sassafras leaves to make fil. From tree to gumbo pot, Colsons fil is indigenous in origin. At least, thats what John Oswald Colson and Dustin Fuqua might tell you. in diameter. This is a little out of the ordinary, but I am looking for an Indian legend or story as to why the Sassafras tree has different shaped leaves. Sassafras is also sometimes called white sassafras. Decant the tea, pouring it through a strainer lined with a coffee filter to catch the particulates. Add the garlic and saut until fragrant. Sassafras albidum is a deciduous tree, native to eastern North America and eastern Asia. I am still struggling with collecting a sprout with enough root to divide. Sassafras trees grow in open woodlands where there is moist, well-drained loamy soil. Sassafras tree bark is an attractive red-brown color that is smooth in immature trees and gradually develops interlacing furrows and ridges as it matures. A popular legend explaining the name "holy leaf" is that . Many members still work in the shrimping industry, though cheap imports, the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, and lack of federal recognition have all made it difficult for them to thrive. Sassafras trees grow best as a specimen or shade tree. Nees. The highly aromatic leaves give off a citrusy aroma and have distinct patterns. For more than a decade, Salmon n' Bannock has been serving indigenous cuisine and stories in Vancouver. If you toss a few pounds of shellfish into your cooking pot, youll find yourself in the company of both contemporary and pre-contact Native Americans, who were enjoying Louisianas aquatic bounty before Europeans and Africans arrived, then imparted their knowledge of the crustaceans to the colonizers. It has since been determined that the safrole that is in the sassafras tree is a carcinogen, it is no longer legal to sell the roots or the tea, however a number of old-timers in my area ignore the warning and dig their own roots each spring. Whatever gumbo derived from, in the pre-contact period it was more like gumbo zherbes.. The tree does not tolerate deep shade. The American sassafras is unique in that it displays three different leaf shapes on each tree. Learn tips for creating your most beautiful home and garden ever. It has pretty, aromatic spring flowers and its three types of leaves (entire, one-lobed, or two-lobed) turn a vibrant yellow, red, or orange in fall. See great vistas throughout the U.S. and Canada, with stories and details from the homeowners, If your floors, furniture, exterior materials or other home elements have a past life, we'd like to hear the story, Get the global story you want for your floors by learning the origins and characteristics of rugs from around the world, Personnaliser mon exprience l'aide de cookies, Landscape Architects & Landscape Designers, Outdoor Lighting & Audio/Visual Specialists, Design Workshop: Materials That Tell a Story, 5 Ways to Put Fall Leaves to Work in Your Garden, What to Know About Controlling Dust During Remodeling, Houzz Call: Show Us the House You Grew Up In, 9 Beautiful Bedroom Views Shared by Houzzers. Once established, sassafras trees are relatively drought-tolerant plants. The easiest and fastest way to propagate sassafras trees is by root cuttings. R. Is there a market for the root or other products of sassafrass trees? In summer, the 7-inch long, 4-inch wide leaves are bright green on top and white underneath, and then they turn a yellowish-orange and reddish-orange color in fall. They also dried and pounded the leaves into a spicy powder to season their food. Planting a sassafras tree in full sun is also vital to get the most vibrant fall colors. Politique d'Utilisation des Cookies de Houzz. Mature sassafras trees have a pyramidal or rounded crown. However, transplanting suckers is the least successful method of propagating a sassafras tree. Three-lobed leaves are the most common leaf shape. Wildflowergma. Long ago sassafras was the main flavoring in root beer. Skab Staff Staff Member Administrator Vendor Lifetime Supporter You can sell the leaves here right now ,not sure . She has been writing since 1995, and web content writing since 2009. Janie Luster, a cultural preservationist and member of the United Houma Nation, has perfected her tribes traditional fil gumbo recipe after many years of cooking demonstrations at festivals and in the New Orleans French Quarter. There are only two other sassafras trees that are both native to more tropical climates. The leaves of sassafras are edible and quite tasty. 2023 Atlas Obscura. Sassafras is dioecious, with female and male flowers on separate trees. Crushed sassafras leaves are used to thicken gumbo and give Louisiana Creole cuisine its distinctive taste. They are mildly citric, slightly like lemongrass. Sassafras trees also adapt well to partial shade in balanced, loamy soil that provide excellent drainage. As a tree that is native to North America, sassafras is generally not affected by many pests and diseases. We start it off by browning the onions. Crushed sassafras leaves emit a pungent aroma. Sassafras' leaves may be unilobed, bilobed ("mitten leaves"), or trilobed, and all of these leaf types may grow on a single branch. Do you consider nativars to be native plants? ( 5) 7. While mustard greens, collard greens, cabbage, and other leafy vegetables are todays go-to gumbo additions for chefs of all heritages, Native Americans in Louisianas pre-contact period harvested and ate pokeweed (Phytolacca americana), a wild green thats ready to eat in spring. Its popularity lives on in the state thanks to the Blanchard Poke Salad Festival, Tony Joe Whites 1969 hit Polk Salad Annie, and good old fashioned culinary nostalgia. The tree grows reasonably rapidly at a rate of up to 2 ft. (0.6 m) per year and multiplies via suckers. Noah built his ark from gopher wood and it is interesting that the wood that the Choctaw used was also a specific species of tree. Instructions: Brown your chicken, skin down, in a heavy bottomed all-clad or cast iron pan. Origins . That fall, we carefully dug them up transplanted them to her yard; she was just thrilled to have them back all these years later. Young trees need to be watered until they are established. This is just the tip of the iceberg. Follow us on Twitter to get the latest on the world's hidden wonders. To outsiders, this sort of attention to historical detail might seem obsessive, but for Colson, Fuqua, and fil-lovers throughout Louisiana, theres simply no alternative. If you notice differently shaped leaves on a tree, it is probably identified as a sassafras tree. S. albidum leaf shapes, along with the aromas, are definitive identifiers. The species grows rapidly and reaches heights of 20 to 60 feet. The dried bark of root is also used as a flavoring. Sassafras exhibited 21 percent mortality of stems after prescribed fire in western Tennessee. Romania: Castles, Ruins, and Medieval Villages, Iceland in Summer: Journey Through a Fabled Land, Monster of the Month w/ Colin Dickey: Mokele-Mbembe, Accidental Discoveries: A Celebration of Historical Mistakes, Antiques and Their Afterlives: Stories from the Collection of Ryan and Regina Cohn, Monster of the Month w/ Colin Dickey: Satanists, Once Upon a Time: Fairy Tale Writing With Anca Szilgyi, Gourds Gone Wild: Growing and Crafting Gourds With Gourdlandia, Playing Ancient Games: History & Mythology With John Bucher, Secrets of Tarot Reading: History & Practice With T. Susan Chang, Why 18th-Century Scots Performed Mock Human Sacrifices Over Cake. The taproots of the tree are prone to rot and decay if they grow in soggy conditions. "Overview of the Sassafras Tree." With mature trees, remove dead and broken branches to keep the ornamental trees attractive appearance. Crush the leaves for an intense blast of citrus. Usually, all three types of leaves can be found growing on the same tree, which is strange considering that most others tree species only have one type of leaf. The dried root bark . For a non-chemical control measure, remove infested terminals and branches, in which the female beetles have laid their eggs. The bark of sassafras root contains a volatile oil, resin, wax, camphor, Sassafras albidum is the northernmost species of its genus. One of the oldest continuously-operated gay bars in the United States is allegedly haunted by Truman Capote and Tennessee Williams. Do not fertilize a newly planted tree during the first year, which can stunt its growth. If you want to improve the health and functioning of your kidneys, the best way is to flush your system with a diuretic, and sassafras tea is a great way to do that. It is rarely necessary to prune sassafras trees. The first patented shaved-ice machine heralded a snowy wonderland of iced treats at a favorite New Orleans summer shack. In early spring, bright yellow six-petaled flowers appear in drooping clusters. Sassafras leaves are aromatic when crushed and the bark and branches of the tree are also fragrant when bruised or cut. Nix, Steve. Feathery Geniuses: Crows and other Corvids of Pennsylvania. Every weekday we compile our most wondrous stories and deliver them straight to you. This fungal infection occurs if redbay ambrosia beetles tunnel into the tree. The largest known sassafras tree is said to live in Kentucky, U.S. and measures over 100 feet high and 21 feet in circumference. In averagely fertile soil, established trees usually do not need fertilizer, but if your soil lacks nutrients, feed it with a complete fertilizer at the beginning of the growing season. The trunk grows 28-59 in. Insects nibble on, but rarely devour, entire sassafras leaves. Generally, when you hear people refer to it, they are most likely referring to sassafras albidum, grown widely in North America. Sassafras was touted in Europe as America's herbal curative because of purported miraculous outcomes from the sick who drank sassafras tea. However, the size of the pot will limit the trees growth, and regular pruning will keep it growing like a small tree or shrub. In the end, it got ugly. Tea is brewed from the bark of roots. Her recipe features nine different types of greens, including mustard greens, collard greens, and turnip greens. It is, however, a tree that colonizes the area, sending up small sassafras in the surrounding area. To know when its time to water a sassafras tree in your garden, check the ground for moisture. But Mom was smart and planted different varieties to replace them (and none of them were ash) so she wouldn't lose them all again like that. We depend on ad revenue to craft and curate stories about the worlds hidden wonders. The final step is to destem the dried leaves and grind them into a powder using a pile and pilon, a traditional mortar and pestle used by Native American groups from across the Southeast. Andrew Hughes is a certified arborist and member of the International Society of Arborists specializing in tree heal care. As devout Catholics, Cane River Creoles such as Colson traditionally harvested sassafras around August 15ththe Feast of the Assumptionbut the choice of that date is rooted in ecological knowledge imparted by the Choctaw. noun [capitalized] [NL. Sassafras tzumu is native to eastern Asia and grows up 115 ft. (35 m) tall. Photography is one of my passions, and all of the images in my articles are my own, except where credited. The only regular care it requires is when you grow it as a specimen tree. I'm talking about such techniques as "hand-wicking" of glyphosate onto undesirable plant species, meaning the material is literally being wiped, swiped, or painted onto the offending plants, thereby completely avoiding everything else. Maybe wild plant guidebooks and others that delve into ethnobotany. Sassafras tree flowers have recognizable six-petaled, star-shaped yellow blossoms that measure 1 to 2 (2.5 5 cm) long. We dont make a roux, which is the unique thing, says Luster, referencing the flour and fat gumbo base popularized by Cajuns. The fruits are approximately 8 to 13 mm long . She was surprised to see two of the roses had survived so much mistreatment and neglect and got a little misty eyed when she talked about planting them all those years ago. Sassafras trees rarely live longer than 30 years. I come from a long line of Kentuckians who love the Good Earth. Scratch the bark for a medicine-like aroma. This is the sassafras tree, and the highly coveted, gumbo-elevating herb made from its dried and pulverized leaves is called fil. 1 teaspoon of granulated onion. This makes it a great choice for naturalized plantings or screens where it can spread freely. Autumn is in full swing and the leaves are starting to turn. It has smooth bark and fragrant leaves, both of which have been used in traditional medicine for centuries . Its usually not necessary to water the plant during winter. I also know that S.J., the last original family member to have lived in the house, was a confirmed batchelor until he was 65, when he married a local widow. However, the shrub-like tree also has suckering tendencies and can quickly become a large multi-stemmed shrub. Container-grown nursery trees have the best chances of survival. A close up picture of Sassafras green immature fruit. Sassafras is propagated by seeds or root cuttings. One day, there was a light coming from the north, but it was accompanied with a huge wave (like a tsunami, except that the Choctaw were a Mississippi River Basin tribe and would have never seen a tsunami) only the family that built a raft before the flood from sassafras wood (they called it kombu) was saved. Indigenous people dont often receive that level of credit, though, in the complicated origin story of gumbo. Share a photo and story about your childhood home. When you notice that your sassafras tree is wilting and dying from the fungus, it is unfortunately already too late. (Better late than never.) All but that one member of the original family is buried out back in the family cemetery, which sits in a clearing in the woods just east of what's left of the old stacked stone foundation. Its good to note that transplanting an established sassafras tree is difficult due to its large, extensive taproot system. An eye-opening journey through the history, culture, and places of the culinary world. We get huge cormorants sometimes that might as well be vultures. Share your pictures of fall foliage and decor in the Comments. Sassafras albidum and Sassafras randaiense grow 30 to 60 ft. (9 18 m) tall. noble trees of . Sometimes all three colors are seen on the same tree. Sassafras likes well-drained soil and ample water, however it does not do well in boggy conditions. Good soil drainage is especially important. Dig a hole three times the root ball diameter and slightly shallower than the root ball. Forestryimages.org provides several images of parts of sassafras. note also in asl this is the sign for sea turtle) and sassafras looked at his hands and thought wow this is really cool I bet she will The oil is used to perfume some soaps. With warming temperatures due to climate change, the weevils are . Adapted by the Creole culture of the southern United States, sassafras leaves have become an integral part in regional culinary . Add to Favorites Spring Sassafras Leaf Brass earrings by Kaj Morris . Stir in the celery and bell peppers, then cook for 3 to 5 minutes. Sassafras grows well in both full sun and part shade, ideally in patchy sun, growing as an understory tree. Sassafras is native from southwestern Maine west to New York, extreme southern Ontario, and central Michigan; southwest in Illinois, extreme southeastern Iowa, Missouri, southeastern Kansas, eastern Oklahoma, and eastern Texas; and east to central Florida. Sassafras has light green to medium dark green leaves. Sassafras trees are also highly aromatic trees. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. I have two very different varieties of maples and two different apples and they're all huge now! sassafras synonyms, sassafras pronunciation, sassafras translation, English dictionary definition of sassafras. The Child-Eating Bunyip Haunts Australias Wetlands, Astrologers Were the Quants of the Ancient World, Centuries After Their Loss and Theft, Native American Seeds Are Reuniting With Their Tribes, How a First Nations Restaurateur Found Her Family Through Food, The Rush for Ramps Is Threatening Millennia-Old Foodways, Why an Alaskan Hospital Added Reindeer Pot Pie and Seal Soup to Its Menu, Redwoods Shouldn't Be So Tall. Close-up of young leaves of the sassafras tree emerging from branch tips over spent blooms. Add to Favorites Dried sassafras leaves/ Herb selection 5 out of 5 stars (4) $ 8.00. Make sure to water it deeply so that the water reaches all the way down to the trees deep tap root. The recipe calls for shrimp as the protein, naturally. Unless the suckers are removed, and dense thicket will form a sassafras shrub. However, you can allow suckers to grow if you want to have an informal hedge or summer privacy screen in your backyard. Sassafras is a tree native to North America. Thesaurus Antonyms Related Words Synonyms Legend: Switch to new thesaurus . Mulching ensures the ground doesnt freeze down to the roots and prevents weeds from growing. The plant may be susceptible to root rot if grown in clay soil or in other soil that is not well-drained. Houzz Call: What Have You Salvaged for Home Use? Sassafrass oil or Safrole is the base ingredient in MDMA. No purchase necessary. Contact me later. He is a member of the Society of American Foresters. The plant's leaves have a mucilaginous texture and can be used raw or cooked in salads or eaten right off the plant, unlike the berries, the leaves have a mild pleasant taste. The medium-sized deciduous tree also goes by the names white sassafras, red sassafras, or silky sassafras. Many of the ships made it back with their cargo, so sassafras was soon considered a lucky wood with cradles and bible boxes common items made, since the superstitious Europeans also figured that the scented wood repelled evil spirits. Gradually mix in the shrimp, cooking until theyre pink. Sassafras seeds typically germinate the following spring after being planted in soil or landing on the ground. Not all of the versatile plant's uses are medicinal. Young sassafras seedlings are usually unlobed. Origin Ssassafras is native to the eastern and southeastern United States (Louisianna). ThoughtCo. It is hardy in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 4 through 9. Water Oak, A Common Tree in North America, Southern Red Oak, a Common Tree in North America, Black Willow, a Common Tree in North America, Mockernut Hickory, A Common Tree in North America, Bur Oak, J. The trees' autumn foliage becomes a dramatic range of yellows, reds, and even deep purple tones. Sassafras trees are also highly aromatic trees. In that case you need to keep removing the root suckers by cutting them at ground level, or else it will have a shrubby appearance or grow into a thicket.
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