case "setHeight": Miss America 1969, the 42nd Miss America pageant, was held at the Boardwalk Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey on September 7, 1968 [1] on NBC Network. Maintaining the feminist movement is like housework," she said. But there was more to it than that. Hawaii Deborah Ynez Gima 101+ Years of MISS AMERICA; National Archives 1921 - Present; Miss America 2023 Grace Stanke . The power flickered back on just as the second runner-up was announced. Arizona Linda Johnson It kind of puts a fire under you.". Cookie Policy Ford was appointed twice to the Presidents Council on Physical Fitness and Sports, by Presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford. script.src = src; The talent competition was introduced in 1938 so that perhaps the young women could be judged on more than just their appearance, but with that small bit of progress came regression. [31], Author and feminist Bonnie J. Dow suggested that the association between feminism and bra-burning was encouraged by individuals who opposed the feminist movement. Wind her up and she plugs your product and last year she went to Vietnam to pep-talk our husbands, fathers, sons and boyfriends into dying and killing with a better spirit"[13], About 200 members of the group New York Radical Women traveled to Atlantic City in cars and chartered buses. She was asked her measurements (36, 24 , 36), height (5-7) and weight (125), her preference for cut off blue jeans and sweatshirts, and whether blondes have more fun. ifr.src = src + "?" Contestants; Results; Reviews; Rules; Prize Package; Select age division. Miss America 1969 Miss Illinois 1968. Photo: if (iframe.clientHeight > window.innerHeight) { break; African Americans and civil rights activists gather to crown the first Miss Black America. }, var ifr = document.getElementById("JotFormIFrame-230165346423147"); We were a very small movement. If the Miss America pageant wouldnt accommodate black women and black beauty, black folk decided they would create their own pageant. [44], A six-minute documentary, Up Against the Wall Miss America (1968), concerns the Miss America protest. if(isJotForm && "contentWindow" in iframe && "postMessage" in iframe.contentWindow) { } They unfurled the banner, shouting, womens liberation and no more Miss America! a half a dozen times. Newspapers across the country held contests judging photographs of young women, and the winners came to Atlantic City for a competition where they were evaluated on personality and social graces. There was no equivocating. Each contestant would answer a question before the judges made their final decision. [1][2], Reporter Lindsy Van Gelder drew an analogy between the feminist protesters throwing bras in the trash cans and Vietnam War protesters who burned their draft cards. One woman, her arms full of pots and pans, holding her child, moppedthe boardwalk to show how a womans work is never done. Dak To - Miss America, 1969 Towards the end of my first tour in the Nam, I was sent to LZ Pony, just south of coastal Bongson. iframe.scrollIntoView(); They got out a half-dozen shouts before they were quickly removed by police. But it was its fieryabortion speak-out in March 1969, where women talked about their then criminal abortions, that inspired journalist Gloria Steinem to join the movement. + 1).split('&')); Im good with this.. We also were improving the air strip and the artillery battery there. North Carolina Elisa Annette Johnson It was held at the Ritz Carlton Hotel a few blocks from the Miss America pageant. It would become a rallying cry for the womens liberation movement. case "scrollIntoView": "The bra-burning feminist trope started at Miss America. She barely heard Parks announce her name as Miss America 1969. She volunteered there for a year, then returned to New York, where she got involved in the burgeoning womens liberation movement. A story by Lindsy Van Gelder in the New York Post carried the headline "Bra Burners and Miss America." }); Womens beautywhite womens beautywas a tool. In August 1969, Ford went to Vietnam for three weeks with six other Miss America contestants on a USO Tour, appearing on makeshift stages and on the back of flatbed trucks. This page is not available in other languages. script.type = 'text/javascript'; case "collapseErrorPage": Miss USA 1969 was the 18th Miss USA pageant, televised live by CBS from Miami Beach, Florida on May 24, 1969. The pageant was won by Wendy Dascomb of Virginia, who was crowned by outgoing titleholder Dorothy Anstett of Washington.Dascomb was the first woman from Virginia to win the Miss USA title, and went on to place as a semi-finalist at Miss Universe 1969. case "exitFullscreen": She paid attention to the women's liberation movement, but it never really felt like her issue. . }); Miss Miss America 1969 Contestants. If I want to enter a pageant, then thats my prerogative., Ford saw it as an opportunity, a chance to win money for college. Mail and just about everything else was slow, and to make matters worse, we were constantly harassed by the VC. else if (window.document.mozCancelFullScreen) window.document.mozCancelFullScreen(); } else if (window.attachEvent) { Miss America started way back in 1921 and has been going, mostly without breaks, for the last 100 years. There was even a Rule 7, abandoned in 1940, that stated that Miss America contestants had to be of good health and of the white race. The winner spent the year doing community service, but also peddling sponsors products and, later, entertaining U.S. troops. break; and "No more Miss America!" MISS AMERICA; Our History; Book Miss America; Press Room; In her hometown, people spilled out of their houses cheering and honking car horns. Free shipping for many products! The Miss America Organization is celebrating it's 100-th anniversary this year and Judi Ford Nash, who earned the 1969 title, joined us today to talk about her journey. Minnesota Mary Louise Williams Miss USA 1969, the 18th Miss USA pageant, was televised live by CBS from Miami Beach, Florida on May 24, 1969. [21] "The media picked up on the bra part," Hanisch said later. Her story drew an analogy between the feminist protest and Vietnam War protesters who burned their draft cards. Miss Teenage America 1969 - Melissa Babish (Pittsburgh, PA) [12] [13] Miss Teenage America 1970 - Debbie Patton (Odessa, TX) [14] Miss Teenage America 1971 - Rewa Walsh (Magnolia High School, Anaheim, CA) [15] Miss Teenage America 1972 - Mary Colleen Fitzpatrick (Lancaster High School, Lancaster, OH) [16] California Sharon Kay Terrill iframe.scrollIntoView(); [42] "No More Miss America!" The Miss America Organization is celebrating it's 100-th anniversary this year and Judi Ford Nash, who earned the 1969 title, joined us today to talk about h. '.concat(element) || hostname === element ) { The connective tissue between 1968 and now is stronger than ever, vibrantly alive. if (args.length > 3) { The pageant was won by Wendy Dascomb of Virginia, who was crowned by outgoing titleholder Dorothy Anstett of Washington. "There's Now Miss Black America". script.type = 'text/javascript'; else if (window.document.msExitFullscreen) window.document.msExitFullscreen(); She was the only contestant ever to use a trampoline in talent. iframe.style.height = window.innerHeight + "px"; Ford graduated from college, married at 21 and had two sons. Cookie Settings, Alix Kates Shulman Papers / Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Duke University, Robin Morgan Papers / Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Duke University, Subscribe to Smithsonian magazine now for just $12, Five Places Where You Can Still Find Gold in the United States, Scientists Taught Pet Parrots to Video Call Each Otherand the Birds Loved It, Balto's DNA Provides a New Look at the Intrepid Sled Dog, The Science of California's 'Super Bloom,' Visible From Space, What We're Still Learning About Rosalind Franklins Unheralded Brilliance. if (src && src.indexOf("?") script.src = src; } Often, there were protesters. Back in New York, Sarachild made it to her union film editing job the Monday after the protest. Except, that's not what really happened. if (window.location.href && window.location.href.indexOf("?") Miss America 1968, the 41st Miss America pageant, was held at the Boardwalk Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey on September 9, 1967 [1] on NBC Network . A Miss America official told her, Youre a bright young lady. Virginia Cherie Suzanne Davis > -1) { In Morgan papers, Duke University; see, Confronting the "Bra-Burners": Teaching Radical Feminism with a Case Study, Beth Kreydatus, The History Teacher, Vol. Ford divorcedin 1987 at age 37, and she and her husband agreed to each take one of their two credit cards. if (window.document.exitFullscreen) window.document.exitFullscreen(); Parks would ask her about that, she was sure of it. Idaho Karen Renee Ryder } window.attachEvent("onmessage", handleIFrameMessage); if (args.length > 2) { iframe = document.getElementById("JotFormIFrame-" + args[(args.length - 1)]); } else { iframe = document.getElementById("JotFormIFrame"); } But now we're finally coming around. It included clips of Miss America in her swimsuit. script.src = src; It wasn't a compliment. After his daughters expressed their desire to become Miss America, the Philadelphia entrepreneur J. Morris Anderson created Miss Black America so his childrens ambitions would not be thwarted by American racism. The protesters compared the pageant to a livestock auction and crowned a sheep as "Miss America" on the boardwalk. It stated, "As the bras, girdles, falsies, curlers, and copies of popular women's magazines burned in the Freedom Trash Can, the demonstration reached the pinnacle of ridicule when the participants paraded a small lamb wearing a gold banner worded Miss America." break; What should she say? document.body.appendChild(script); if( !window.isPermitted(e.origin, ['jotform.com', 'jotform.pro']) ) { break; } iframeParams = iframeParams.concat(src.substr(src.indexOf("?") } var args = e.data.split(":"); Stay Connected. The group put out a press release, inviting women to protest the image of Miss America, an image that oppresses women in every area in which it purports to represent us., Women and activists converged onAtlantic City, in cars and rented buses, some from as far as Michigan and Florida. Ford's mouth dropped open in surprise. break; iframeParams = iframeParams.concat(window.location.href.substr(window.location.href.indexOf("?") Fifty years later, participants still see it as just as relevant today. She told herclassmates, Protest the war if you want but support the guys over there.. It included clips of a Miss America parading in her swimsuit. } whitelisted_domains.forEach(function(element) { She had to reapply as a single personand she was turned down. The protest, nicknamed No More Miss America!, was organized by New York Radical Women, included tossing feminine products, bras, pots, false eyelashes, mops, and other items into a "Freedom trash can" on the Atlantic City boardwalk. Photo: Library Menu |Homepage. She graduated in 1964 and joined Freedom Summer, acampaign to register black voters in Mississippi, as part of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee. var url = document.createElement('a'); break; if (args.length > 3) { Peggy Dobbins, a performer and activist, created a life-sized Miss America puppet which she displayed on the boardwalk in the guise of a carnival barker auctioning her off. The swimsuit competition is probably the most honest part of the competition because it really is about bodies; it is about looking at women as objects, Gloria Steinem said in the 2002 filmMiss America. if (typeof e.data === 'object') { return; } There was also some special delivery thatno one (at least not us lowly engineers) knew about. My unit was the 299th CBT Engrs. Demonstration held at the Miss America 1969. From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core, https://infogalactic.com/w/index.php?title=Miss_USA_1969&oldid=5545623, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, About Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core. Susan Hawkins. [45][46], The demonstration was largely responsible for bringing the women's liberation movement into the American national consciousness. 1969, Judith Anne Ford (center). document.body.appendChild(script); ifr.src = src + "?" 41, No. Alaska Jane Allison Haycraft. The freedom trash can was a prominent feature, and the commentary about its role in the protest gave rise to one of the great misrepresentations of womens liberationthe myth of ceremonial bra-burning. Geez, what did I get myself into? Ford thought. [32][33][34][35][36], Women associated with an act like symbolically burning their bra may be seen by some as law-breaking radicals, eager to shock the public. They took the name New York Radical Women to separate themselves from thenewly formed National Organization for Women, or NOW. Event ticketing and box-office system for Competition 3-Night Package Wednesday April 20, 2022 at 02:00 AM provided by, FOX News: Miss America 2023 winner, Miss Wisconsin Grace Stanke, reflects on her shocking win. case "loadScript": var isJotForm = (e.origin.indexOf("jotform") > -1) ? case "collapseErrorPage": What if Sarachild was arrested? [28][29] Feminism and "bra-burning" then became linked in popular culture. return result; They rejected the double standard that contestants were forced to be both sexy and wholesome, delicate but able to cope, demure yet titillatingly bitchy. The pageant represented the elevation of mediocrityAmerican women were encouraged to be unoffensive, bland, apoliticaland instilled this impoverished ambition in young girls. var result = false; BT. A second story in the same newspaper written by Jon Katz did not mention burning lingerie, but Campbell interviewed Katz. Really, she thought, Their goals and ours are the same.. Mississippi Mary Linda Mills The New York Radical Women was a group of women that had been active in the civil rights movement, the New Left, and antiwar movements. English: Title: [Judith Ford, Miss America 1969, who won at the 42nd Miss America Pageant held September 7, 1968 in Atlantic City, New Jersey] Creator(s): Gotfryd, Bernard, photographer Date Created/Published: [between 1968 and 1969] Medium: 1 photograph : color transparency ; 35mm (slide format) Reproduction Number: LC-DIG-gtfy-01000 (digital file from original) Rights Advisory: No known . Photo: Miss America 1969, url.href = originUrl; New Mexico Karen Jan Maciolek They pointed to the consumeristic nature of corporate sponsorship of the pageant and the valuing of beauty as a measure of a womans worth. We thought it might be the mail, and it was. } And then she answered, In order to make people live together more peacefully, I think that a person has to learn that he is no better than his neighbor, and that all people are equal and should be given equal opportunity for all things. While the outgoing 1968 Miss America, Debra Barnes Snodgrass, was giving her farewell speech, the women unfurled a bedsheet from the balcony that said "Women's Liberation" and began to shout "women's liberation!" Women wrote essays and books about sex, gender roles and the patriarchythat would lay the foundation for womens studies. The protesters, organized by the New York Radical Women, didn't only want to end the annual beauty contest. var src = args[1]; Sarachild, one of the protest organizers, reported that "huge crowds gathered for the picketing. It was a pivotal year for the country, and for each of them, one a protester, one a participant. HOME; Overview; The Competition; Step on Stage! case "collapseErrorPage": Vermont Elizabeth Ann Sackler "I think it kind of made the phrase 'women's liberation' a household term," Sarachild says. A year later, we are in the midst of a further reckoning, as women come forward to share their stories of workplace sexual harassment and sexual violence. In 1969, Judith represented Illinois as a contestant in the Miss American Pageant. window.isPermitted = function(originUrl, whitelisted_domains) { She explained her motivation for running in the pageant: Miss America does not represent us because there has never been a black girl in the pageant. document.body.appendChild(script); External links else if (window.document.mozCancelFullscreen) window.document.mozCancelFullScreen(); "If you maintain the base to keep up the fight, whenever this stuff rearsits head, it will go away.". The winner, nineteen-year-old Philadelphia native Saundra Williams, had been active on the civil rights scene prior to the competition. var src = args[1]; url.href = originUrl; Ford hadfilled hers out on the bus from the hotel to the convention hall. } That same year, the pageant chose to limit eligibility to single, never-married women between the ages of 18 and 28. Women are still held to restrictive beauty standards. Like so many things, the Miss America pageant began as a marketing scheme. }, https://form.jotform.com/221295453392155form/221295453392155, Sign up for emails to keep up with everything going on with. The writers accused the competition of encouraging women to be inoffensive, bland, and apolitical, ignoring characteristics like personality, articulateness, intelligence, and commitment. Tuscaloosa News. Two women toss items into the Freedom Trash Can while a female reporter looks on. if (window.location.href && window.location.href.indexOf("?") 2023 Smithsonian Magazine She had to do something to solve it. if (iframe.clientHeight > window.innerHeight) { A blonde hadnt won Miss America in 12 years. Oregon Marjean Kay Langley Groups splintered off, and the women joined those. var urls = {"docurl":encodeURIComponent(document.URL),"referrer":encodeURIComponent(document.referrer)}; They protested what they called "The Degrading Mindless-Boob-Girlie Symbol" and American society's normative beauty expectations. Since its inception in 1921, only Caucasian contestants had been accepted as finalists, so the authors derided the contest as "Racism with Roses". var script = document.createElement('script'); Crying and laughing at the same time, she ducked into the sash, the crown nestled into her hair. break; They threw feminine products, like bras, pots, false eyelashes, mops, and other items into a "Freedom trash can". There were things that needed to be changed, and there are still things that need to be changed, so women and men can be equal all these years later.. The Miss America protest was Carol Hanischs idea. As usual, it was hot and miserable all the time. "[7], Along with tossing the items into the trash can and distributing literature outside, four protesters including Kathie Sarachild and Carol Hanisch bought tickets and entered the hall. Other members of New York Radical Women were involved in protesting and documenting the event. var args = e.data.split(":"); }; Miss America Headquarters Kathie Sarachild was in high school when she discovered The Second Sex by French existentialist Simone de Beauvoir on her mothers bookshelf. window.handleIFrameMessage = function(e) { } iframeParams = iframeParams.concat(window.location.href.substr(window.location.href.indexOf("?") Nash, who in 1968 was crowned . They met in cramped apartments and borrowed office space, talking about a second wave of feminism, different from the first wave that focused on suffrage and property rights. On stage, Ford heard the shouting from the balcony, but, blinded by the spotlights directed at the stage,she couldnt see what was happening. But sports fans got their romance not long after when Sharon Kay. switch (args[0]) { [42], She compared the pageant to Playboy's centerfold as sisters under the skin, describing this as "The Unbeatable MadonnaWhore Combination". Ford saw the protesters signs: Women are enslaved by beauty standards and Can makeup cover the wounds of our oppression?. Roxane Gay The first such demonstration took place during the Miss America 1969 pageant held on September 7, 1968 (won by Miss Illinois 1968, Judith Ford), . window.location.reload(); It was almost as if they were turned on by it, she thought. } Miss America didn't sweat, they told her. People were grabbing our fliers out of our hands. One housewife wrote, Ive been waiting for you all my life.. Sarachild was glad to see women werent afraid of the word radical in the groups name. The phrase became headline material and was quickly associated with women who chose to go braless. whitelisted_domains.forEach(function(element) { Photo courtesy of The III MAF Band Homepage (Camp Horn, Nng-1969 ). var script = document.createElement('script'); Bev Grant, a musician and filmmaker / photographer with Newsreel who part in the protests, also shot film and took photos of the protests and of the pageant itself. New Jersey Jeanette H. Phillipuk In Fords hometown, the power went out, blackening the TV screens of those watching. Ford, much to her amazement,was the last. With my title, I can show black women that they too are beautiful. For the talent competition, Ford would perform an acrobatic dance and flip on the trampoline. was the very first public pamphlet of the time to share the movement's ideals; therefore, complaints about the Pageant, recorded in the pamphlet, outlined and predicted numerous problems these women might have to overcome in their battle for equality. if (!isNaN(args[1]) && parseInt(iframe.style.minHeight) > parseInt(args[1])) { Groups sprang up in Chicago, Toronto, Seattle and Detroit. [8], In her letter requesting a permit, Morgan named the sponsor of the protest as "Women's Liberation", a "loose coalition of small groups and individuals". And, for the first time, men are facing real consequences for their predation. var iframeParams = []; View of newly-crowned Miss America 1969, Judith Ford, as she waves from the runway at Boardwalk Hall during the Miss America beauty pageant, Atlantic City, New Jersey, September 7, 1968. The bra-burning trope echoed an earlier generation of feminists who called for burning corsets as a step toward liberation. var src = ifr.src; if (typeof e.data === 'object') { return; } 15th Engr. The 1968 uprising was conceived by a radical feminist named Carol Hanisch, who popularized the phrase, The personal is political. Disrupting the beauty contest, she thought, in the summer of that year, just might be the way to bring the fledgling Womens Liberation Movement into the public arena.. Tennessee Brenda Joan Seal } else if (window.attachEvent) { if (!isNaN(args[1]) && parseInt(iframe.style.minHeight) > parseInt(args[1])) { Sarachild launchedconsciousness-raising as an organizing technique, writing and presenting at conferences about how to raise awareness of an unfair situation with the aim of making people want to help change it. if (window.document.exitFullscreen) window.document.exitFullscreen(); iframeParams.push("isIframeEmbed=1"); Curtiss, Charlotte. "[25], The protest planners produced a press release before the event that was afterward turned into a pamphlet titled No More Miss America!. At midnight on September 8, a few blocks away at the Atlantic City Ritz-Carlton, the inaugural Miss Black America competition was held. break; They were searching for a suitable way to draw attention to their movement. if (args.length > 2) { iframe = document.getElementById("JotFormIFrame-" + args[(args.length - 1)]); } else { iframe = document.getElementById("JotFormIFrame"); } }; If this is exploitation, she thought, go ahead, exploit me. else if (window.document.msExitFullscreen) window.document.msExitFullscreen(); Convention Hall, whichdoubled as an arena for indoor football, was huge. The coverage also helped fosterthe image of feminists as bra-burners,though in reality, no bras were burned. Arkansas Helen Rose Gennings [1] [2] Early life and education [ edit] Eldred is from West Bloomfield and graduated from University of Detroit Mercy. I wouldnt know," she told reporters, "Ive never been a brunette.. GENESEO, Ill. Fifty years after winning her crown, former Miss America Judi Ford Nash of Geneseo will be at the annual pageant's national broadcast Sunday night. }, https://form.jotform.com/221295453392155form/221295453392155, Sign up for emails to keep up with everything going on with. Results Order of announcements Awards Preliminary awards Other awards Contestants References ^ Associated Press (1967-09-10). Ford didnt get the joke. And we were upgrading the road from QL 1 to LZ Pony, about a12 klicks. } else if (window.attachEvent) { Anything she said would make news. One day a slick was landing just 50 or so meters from our tent (as they always did), and the dust and rotorwash made our cots fly everywhere. ifr.src = src + "?" } [28][29], Deborah J. Cohan, an associate professor of sociology at the University of South Carolina, Beaufort, believes that bra-burning has become negatively associated with feminism.[30]. Pennsylvania Susan Robinson At least 17protesters entered Convention Hall, dressed in skirts, wearing nylons and heels and carrying pocketbooks. 11199 Polo Club Drive Parks greeted her, Its nice to see you back on Earth again. She laughed. Delaware Gayle Freeman This would be easy. src = src.substr(0, src.indexOf("?")) With my title, I can show black women that they too are beautiful. In 1971, Oprah Winfrey participated in Miss Black America as Miss Tennessee. Miss America 1969. } The Miss Americas of 1955 and 1957, Lee Meriwether and Marian McKnight, both dated Joe DiMaggio, and everyone denied everything. + 1).split("&")); [37] Some feminist activists believe that anti-feminists use the bra-burning myth and the subject of going braless to trivialize what the protesters were trying to accomplish that day and the feminist movement in general. if (!isNaN(args[1]) && parseInt(iframe.style.minHeight) > parseInt(args[1])) { case "reloadPage": 15th Engr. They called out the pageant for its commercialism, for supporting the Vietnam War by sending winners to entertain the troops, and for racism because it had not yet crowned a black Miss America. In fact, officials asked the women not to set the can on fire because the wooden boardwalk was quite flammable. The protesters wanted women to be empowered, to make their own choices. A prominent black feminist activist and lawyer, Florynce Kennedy, who went by Flo, chained herself to a puppet of Miss America to highlight the ways women were enslaved by beauty standards. Robin Morgan, also a protest organizer, later quoted Kennedy as comparing that summers violent protests at the Democratic National Convention to throwing a brick through a window. }; Ford was coached how to walk, pose and speak. [43] The pamphlet became a source for feminist scholarship. Maine Brenda Renee Verceles p. 1. "Because up until this time, we hadn't done a lot of actions yet. window.addEventListener("message", handleIFrameMessage, false); I want you to know how much that meant to us, one wrote recently. + iframeParams.join('&'); Wyoming Carol Ann Ross, Copyright 2023 Miss America var hostname = url.hostname; A lesser known protest was also organized on the same day by civil rights activist J. Morriss Anderson. case "collapseErrorPage": To Hanisch and the other protest organizers, the pageant was an obvious target. 4 (2008): 489504. The pageant was won by Wendy Dascomb of Virginia, who was crowned by outgoing titleholder Dorothy Anstett of Washington. Tom Tingle Tom Tingle, The Republic |. window.addEventListener("message", function(e){if (!e || typeof (e.data) != "string") return;if (e.data.indexOf("TicketorFrameHeight") == 0){ document.getElementById("NSTicketFrame").style.height = e.data.substr(19)+"px";document.getElementById("NSTicketFrame").style.overflowY = "hidden";document.getElementById("NSTicketFrame").setAttribute("scrolling","no");}}, false); Event ticketing and box-office system for Competition 3-Night Package Wednesday April 20, 2022 at 02:00 AM provided by. They missed the third runner-up. iframe.style.height = args[1] + "px"; if (!iframe) { return; } Miss America 1969, the 42nd Miss America pageant, was held at the Boardwalk Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey on September 7, 1968[1] on NBC Network. + iframeParams.join('&'); The Miss Black America protesters had no grievances with the idea of beauty standards, but with the fact that they strongly favored white women. White women are still upheld as an ideal of beauty.
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